The use of Copilot, Gemini and ChatGPT in the context of foreign language learning and teaching: An academic technology review

Liqaa Habeb Al-Obaydi; Marcel Pikhart

doi:10.30935/cedtech/18056

Liqaa Habeb Al-Obaydi ¹, Marcel Pikhart ² ^*

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CONT ED TECHNOLOGY, Volume 18, Issue 2, Article No: ep640

https://doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/18056

Submitted: 01 April 2025, Published Online: 09 March 2026

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Abstract

Background: This technology review provides an overview about the theoretical background of using artificial intelligence (AI) and large language models (LLMs) in language teaching and learning, namely the generative AI chatbots Copilot, Gemini, and ChatGPT.
Objective: The aim of this review was to provide the users with a critical and analytical overview of the affordances these tools can provide.
Methodology: Technology review.
Results: It demonstrates the advantages of these three applications by introducing actual variations of the real use in language learning by using three specific prompts in relation to language writing including revising the style of writing, vocabulary use, grammar check, and references. The readers will thus be provided with a critical hands-on synopsis of the possibilities of these three tools widely used in the global world.
Conclusions: Discussion of the results gained and implications of using these three applications are finally covered so that it is clearer how these tools can be implemented. However, the article also calls for an in-depth analysis of these tool regarding the potential pitfalls related to increased screen time, cognitive impacts and potential addiction.

Keywords: artificial intelligence, higher education, LLM, language learning, language teaching

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Citation

Al-Obaydi, L. H., & Pikhart, M. (2026). The use of Copilot, Gemini and ChatGPT in the context of foreign language learning and teaching: An academic technology review. Contemporary Educational Technology, 18(2), Article ep640. https://doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/18056

Al-Obaydi, L. H., and Pikhart, M. (2026). The use of Copilot, Gemini and ChatGPT in the context of foreign language learning and teaching: An academic technology review. Contemporary Educational Technology, 18(2), ep640. https://doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/18056

Al-Obaydi LH, Pikhart M. The use of Copilot, Gemini and ChatGPT in the context of foreign language learning and teaching: An academic technology review. CONT ED TECHNOLOGY. 2026;18(2), ep640. https://doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/18056

Al-Obaydi, Liqaa Habeb, and Marcel Pikhart. "The use of Copilot, Gemini and ChatGPT in the context of foreign language learning and teaching: An academic technology review". Contemporary Educational Technology 2026 18 no. 2 (2026): ep640. https://doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/18056

Al-Obaydi, Liqaa Habeb et al. "The use of Copilot, Gemini and ChatGPT in the context of foreign language learning and teaching: An academic technology review". Contemporary Educational Technology, vol. 18, no. 2, 2026, ep640. https://doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/18056

Al-Obaydi LH, Pikhart M. The use of Copilot, Gemini and ChatGPT in the context of foreign language learning and teaching: An academic technology review. CONT ED TECHNOLOGY. 2026;18(2):ep640. https://doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/18056